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The Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Lyon (or Lyon Institute of Political Studies) also known as Sciences Po Lyon, was established following an executive decree by General de Gaulle in 1948.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fac-similé JO du 05/05/1948, page 04362 - Legifrance )〕 This prestigious and highly selective institute is modeled on the former Paris "École Libre des Sciences Politiques" (ELSP). Like the other Sciences Po (instituts d'études politiques) in France (Aix-en-Provence, Bordeaux, Grenoble, Lille, Paris, Rennes, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Strasbourg, Toulouse), it is considered as a French "Grande École" or elite school. As such, it is a member of the Association of the "Grandes Ecoles" of the Rhone-Alpes region.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=AGERA - Alliance des Grandes Ecoles Rhônes-Alpes, Ecole ingenieur Rhone Alpes, Ecole commerce Lyon, Ecole architecture, Formation vae, classe prepa rhone alpes )〕 To date and contrary to general beliefs, it remains the only French Institute of Political Studies to belong to the prestigious Conférence des Grandes écoles.〔http://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/flash/flash-actu/detail/article/sciences-po-lyon-integre-la-conference-des-grandes-ecoles-13461/〕〔http://www.cge.asso.fr/nos-membres/ecoles/226-sciences-po-lyon〕〔http://www.digischool.fr/a-la-une/sciencespo-lyon-premier-iep-integrer-conference-grandes-ecoles-27929.php〕 Sciences Po Lyon is an autonomous body within the University of Lyon, a member of the Coimbra group along with the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford. It is located at the Centre Berthelot within the buildings of a former military health college. As one of the top higher education institutions in France, Sciences Po Lyon has established several strategic partnerships with key academic institutions at the national and international level. For instance, at the national level, with Ecole Centrale de Lyon, ENS Lyon (École Normale Supérieure de Lyon), EMLYON Business School and Paris Dauphine University; or at the international level with the best universities in the World; for instance, in China, the East China Normal University and the University of Hong Kong; in Japan, Tohoku University, the University of Tokyo〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=International cooperation - University of lyon )〕 and Waseda University; in South Korea, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies; in Germany, with the Universities of the German Universities Excellence Initiative (the Free University of Berlin; Goethe University Frankfurt, the University of Leipzig; the University of Mannheim); in the United Kingdom, colleges of the Golden Triangle such as the King's College London and the School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London; in Australia, with universities of the Group of Eight (University of Melbourne and the University of Sydney); in Canada, McGill University, the University of British Columbia, the Université de Montreal (including HEC Montréal) and the University of Toronto; in the United States, Georgetown University, Little Ivies such as Bowdoin College, Public Ivy universities such as the University of Virginia and the University of California (including UCLA and the University of California, Berkeley), as well as Ivy League universities such as Brown University and the University of Pennsylvania (including the Wharton School). The excellency of Science Po Lyon curriculum and academic training as well as the quality of its international network and policy have been appropriately recognized and praised by AERES, the French Evaluation Agency for Research and Higher Education.〔http://www.aeres-evaluation.fr/content/download/15235/251045/file/AERES-S1-IEP%20Lyon.pdf〕 Sciences Po Lyon is particularly renowned for its expertise in Asian affairs, graded A+ (the highest grade) by AERES and accordingly recognized by its peers. Through the Lyon Institute of East Asian Studies, considered as the best French research Institute in this field, Sciences Po Lyon is partnering with other prestigious universities such as the University of Beijing and Stanford University. ==History== The Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Lyon (or Lyon Institute of Political Studies) also known as Sciences Po Lyon, was established following an executive decree by General de Gaulle in 1948.〔 This prestigious and highly selective institute is modelled on the former Paris "École Libre des Sciences Politiques" (ELSP) like the other Sciences Po (instituts d'études politiques / IEP) in France (Aix-en-Provence, Bordeaux, Grenoble, Lille, Paris, Rennes, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Strasbourg and Toulouse). As such it is considered as a French "Grande École" or elite school and remains an autonomous body within the University of Lyon,〔 which is part of the Coimbra Group along with Trinity College, Dublin, the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford. The ELSP, as a private institution established in 1872 by Emile Boutmy (along with Hippolyte Taine, Ernest Renan, Albert Sorel, Paul Leroy-Beaulieu and René Stourm), was dissolved in 1945 following a demand coming primarily from the French Communist Party, the strongest political force at that time, as well as other political figures not affiliated with it, such as Jean-Pierre Cot〔"L'ENA, miroir de l'Etat: De 1945 a nos jours (Questions au XXe siecle)";(French Edition); Series: Questions au XXe siècle. Mass Market Paperback: 238 pages; Publisher: Editions Complexe (1995); ISBN 978-2870275634〕 and André Philip. J.P. Cot and André Philip were both members of the Parliamentary Committee on the reform of the State.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sciences Po stories )〕 The ELSP, known then as Sciences Po, was indeed considered as an institution providing the sole Parisian bourgeoisie with a quasi-monopoly over access to the most prestigious positions in the French civil service (the Grands corps de l'Etat or high administrative bodies).〔P. Nord, “Reform, Conservation and Adaptation: Sciences Po, from the Popular Front to the Liberation”, in S. Hazareesingh (dir.), The Jacobin Legacy in Modern France. Essays in Honour of Vincent Wright, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002〕 More to the point, the ELSP was discredited for having trained many senior civil servants who quickly supported and were actually the backbone of the Vichy France from July 1940 to August 1944.〔〔〔P. Rain, J. Chapsal, L’École libre des sciences politiques. Suivi de l’École et la guerre : la transformation de son statut, Paris, Fondation nationale des sciences politiques, 1963〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sciences Po stories )〕〔(http://www.sciencespo.fr/stories/#!/fr/frise/31/l-elsp-vichy-et-l-occupation/ "Plus complexe est le rapport à Vichy où se pressent des amis de longue date, mobilisés dans les années 1930 pour contrer la tentative de nationalisation du Front populaire. Parmi eux, Philippe Pétain, membre actif du Conseil d’administration de l’École depuis 1934 et titulaire d’un cours sur la Défense nationale en 1938. Le Conseil d’administration et le corps des professeurs de l’École sont peuplés de maréchalistes. L’École offrira sa tribune aux thuriféraires du régime, tels Jean Bichelonne et Jean Borotra. Côté étudiants, la « corpo » est active dans l’organisation du Service civique rural" Mary Scot )〕 As per ordinance 45-2284, issued by Charles de Gaulle on 9 October 1945, the ELSP was thus replaced by the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de l'Université de Paris. The Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques〔](« Il est créé, sous le nom de Fondation nationale des sciences politiques, un établissement doté de la personnalité civile, dont l’objet est de favoriser le progrès et la diffusion en France, dans l’empire et à l’étranger, des sciences politiques, économiques et sociales» ) Art. 1 of the ordinance 45-2284〕 was established by the same ordinance in order to oversee it as well as the other instituts d'études politiques -including the IEP in Lyon in 1948- subsequently established throughout the French territory. In order to democratize and rationalize access to the senior civil service, the "National School of Administration" (École nationale d'administration) was created on the basis of a project developed by Michel Debré and Emmanuel Monick.〔Jacquier-Bruère (pseudonyme de Michel Debré), Emmanuel Monick) "Refaire la France : l'effort d'une génération, Paris, 1945"〕 Otherwise, this project was not entirely in the spirit of the programme developed by the National Council of the Resistance (Conseil National de la Resistance or CNR) during World War II, which was willing to sanction and nationalize the ELSP. Was established instead a tripartite and unbalanced structure composed of the FNSP, the ENA, the IEP in Paris (1945) and the subsequent IEPs in Strasbourg (1946), Grenoble (1948), Lyon (1948), Bordeaux (1948), Toulouse (1948), Aix (1956), Rennes (1991) and Lille (1991).〔A tenth IEP will be established in September 2014 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye and will be known as Sciences Po Grand Paris in http://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/les-news/actu/detail/article/le-dernier-ne-de-la-famille-des-iep-baptise-sciences-po-grand-paris-2846/〕 While the FNSP is a private foundation, the latter institutions are indeed public. The vocation of the French instituts d'études politiques has been the study and research of contemporary political science. They are quite distinct from the other traditional elite French schools, in particular the highly specialized Grandes Ecoles in business and engineering, given their multi-disciplinary approach to teaching. All students at the IEPs study a compulsory curriculum that is highly practical and multidisciplinary during its first years and focuses on the full range of the social sciences and humanities. The IEPs, being modelled on the former ELSP, are known in the familiar language under the name of Sciences Po, followed by the name of the city where they are located. According to article 2 of an 18 December 1989 decree〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Décret n° 89-901 du 18 décembre 1989 relatif aux instituts d’études politiques - Legifrance )〕 on the status of the instituts d'études politiques, their mission is to contribute to the training of higher civil servants as well as executives in the public, para-public and private sectors, notably in the State and decentralized communities as well as to develop the research in political and administrative sciences. The Sciences Po approach and style inspired many universities abroad such as the London School of Economics. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Institut d'études politiques de Lyon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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